A large number of neutralization reactions take place in industrial chemistry, such as acids which react with bases to form salts and water. However, most of these salts have no commercial value and are discharged into the environment which will result in environment pollution. In light of this pollution, the ideal solution is to convert the salt and water back into acid and base by using a bipolar membrane treatment. …

This study proposes a Dove prism-embedded Mach-Zehnder interferometer capable of converting an incident collimated even Ince-Gaussian mode, the IG^ep,p mode, into a vortex array laser beam consisting of p × p optical vortices. Figure 1 shows the proposed configuration, which is similar to the unbalanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer, but with a rotated Dove prism embedded in one arm. …

Research Motivation:

How firms obtain and maintain a superior competitive position is a key issue in management research. Moreover, according to the resource-based view (RBV), firms can leverage the effect of existing capital on firm performance with configuration, complementarily, and integration of capital to arise their performance . Therefore, it's a meaningful and important issue in the researching field. …

Semiconductor nanocrystals have generated pronounced fundamental and technical interests in recent years. The functionalization with specific surface sites on quantum dots (QDs) for selective molecular attachment is a promising approach for their application as bioprobes, especially in cellular imaging, drug delivery, and nanosensors.¹ QDs have narrow emission bandwidth, …