Schottky barrier diodes are key elements for the realization of nitride-based electronic devices such as high electron mobility transistors and UV photodetectors (PDs). However, crystal quality of the GaN epitaxial layers prepared on sapphire substrate is poor due to the large mismatches in lattice constant and thermal expansion coefficient between GaN and sapphire. These mismatches could result …

Angiogenesis is a fundamental process required for a number of physiological and pathological events and is considered a key step in tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), one of the most potent angiogenic cytokines, regulates both vascular proliferation and permeability, and acts as an anti-apoptotic factor for newly formed blood vessels. The …

Porous structures such as seawalls, detached breakwaters, or submerged breakwaters are frequently used to protect shorelines from the effects of waves. The effectiveness of these structures is due to the fact that they are able to reflect, absorb, and dissipate wave energy. Wave energy reduction on the leeside of porous structures increases so that only a small part of the wave energy is …

A nanometer is 10^-9 meter. By comparison, a single human hair is about 80,000 nanometers wide. Nanotechnology is the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers (nms), where unique phenomena enable novel applications. Many challenges confronting nanotechnology research call for solutions from a multi-disciplinary approach. Statistical techniques, …